Erlenbach (help·info) is a municipality in the district of Heilbronn in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany.

Both Erlenbach and Binswangen are supposed to have been founded in 500 by the Franks and Alamanni, respectively. Erlenbach was first mentioned in the Codex Hirsaugiensis in 1130 as a gift to the Hirsau Abbey. The first record of Binswangen is in a charter on 8 November 1176 from Pope Alexander III. At this time, both communities were under authority of the Lords of Weinsberg.

Later, both communities were transferred from the Archbishopric of Mainz to the Teutonic Order on 27 May 1484 as part of the Bailiwick Franconia. After the dissolution of the monastic states of the Teutonic Knights in 1805, they came under control of Württemberg and were placed under district authority of Oberamt Neckarsulm, which was renamed Kreis (English: District) Neckarsulm in 1934.

The communities Erlenbach and Binswangen officially combined under the name Erlenbach on 1 April 1935. On 1 October 1938, after the dissolution of Kreis Neckarsulm, Erlenbach was placed in the Landkreis Heilbronn. The population was counted at 2137 people in 1939. During the population growth and resulting construction activity after World War II, Erlenbach and Binswangen have grown together to form a single village.